The numbers of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have grown in the last two decades. PPPs are now being used in more than 134 developing countries and contributing about 15-20 percent of total investment infrastructure. In recognition of the importance of food security to development, the international community calls for expanded public and private investment for agricultural development in Africa. As such, it appears urgent to development tools to monitor and evaluate the implementation of PPPs for a sustainable development. Yet several questions must be answered to better understand the need for doing evaluation differently in agriculture sector: • How can evaluation help to ensure efficient and effective use of PPPs in achieving sustainable development results?; • What evaluation criteria are applicable? The case of Côte d'Ivoire shows that the development of an evaluation framework for PPPs ensures the sustainability of agricultural projects.