This paper summarizes key points from Abt Associates' evaluation of the National Science Foundation's (NSF) International Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program (IRFP). The program supports early career U.S. scientists and engineers to spend 9 to 24 months pursuing a postdoctoral fellowship in another country. The evaluation used propensity score matching to compare funded IRFP applicants to a matched comparison group of unfunded IRFP applicants. In addition, data from IRFP fellows were benchmarked to a secondary comparison group of science and engineering doctoral respondents to the Survey of Doctoral Recipients (SDR). Authors: Martinez, A, Epstein C, Parsad A, and Tsapogas, J. Presented at the 2012 AEA conference in Minneapolis, MN.#highereducation #2012Conference #NSF #STEMEducationandTraining #Postdoctoral #international #STEM